What are the parts of the anchor called that dig into the bottom for holding power?

The flukes are the parts of the anchor that penetrate the seabed to provide holding power. Their design is specifically intended to dig into the bottom material, such as mud or sand, creating a secure grip that prevents the anchor from dragging. The effectiveness of the flukes depends on their shape and the angle at which they enter the seabed, allowing the anchor to hold the vessel in place effectively, even in changing conditions.

While the shank connects the flukes to the anchor chain or rope and helps in setting the anchor correctly, it does not contribute to the holding power itself. The crown is the top part of the anchor that may assist in the overall function but also does not engage with the bottom. The arm refers to the part of the anchor that extends from the shank to the fluke but again, like the shank and crown, does not provide the necessary gripping action required for holding the anchor firm in the seabed.