What angle should the anchor line always form with the bottom?

The anchor line should form an angle of 45 degrees or less with the bottom for optimal holding strength and stability. When the anchor line is at a relatively shallow angle, it creates a greater horizontal component of force applied to the anchor, which helps to embed it more securely into the seabed. This arrangement reduces the likelihood of the anchor dragging or breaking free due to the pull of the vessel.

A steeper angle can result in ineffective anchoring, as the anchor might not have sufficient holding power if it is not buried deeply enough in the substrate. Additionally, if the angle is too steep, it could cause undue strain on the anchor line and the vessel. Thus, maintaining an anchor line angle of 45 degrees or less strikes a balance between adequate holding capacity and minimizing the risk of anchor drag, making it the most effective practice for anchoring a vessel.