The fathometer depth sounder can measure which of the following?

The fathometer depth sounder is specifically designed to measure depth underwater by using sonar technology. It emits sound waves that travel through the water column, and when these waves hit the seafloor, they reflect back to the device. By measuring the time it takes for the echo to return, the fathometer calculates the depth of the water beneath the vessel.

In the context of the options presented, depth is the primary measurement taken by a fathometer. Distance could also be interpreted in a broader sense, such as the distance from the surface to the bottom of the body of water. Thus, the combination of depth and distance accurately reflects the capabilities of the fathometer, providing valuable information for navigation and safety while operating in marine environments.