Any location on a chart can be expressed in terms of _________________________ and _________.

The correct answer is that any location on a chart can be expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. Latitude and longitude are the standard geographic coordinate system used for navigation and mapping. Latitude describes the position north or south of the equator, while longitude indicates the position east or west of the prime meridian. Together, these coordinates provide a precise way to identify any point on the Earth's surface, making them essential for navigation purposes, especially in maritime contexts.

Latitude and longitude are universally recognized and utilized, allowing for consistent communication and understanding among navigators, whether they are using a traditional chart or modern GPS technology. This method of pinpointing locations is fundamental for safe navigation at sea, as it enables boat crew members to determine their position relative to land, other vessels, hazards, and planned routes.

In contrast, other options such as easting and northing refer to a coordinate system used primarily in planar projections, bearing and distance pertain to direction and measurement rather than exact location, and altitude and azimuth are related to astronomical positioning rather than geographic location on a map or chart.